Heat a pan, add oats, and then roast them for about a minute while stirring them continuously. You need to ensure that the oats don't turn brown so transfer them in a bowl the minute you see a hint of color.

Add ghee in the same pan. (You may want to wipe the pan with dry cloth first in case there's any oats' residue left.)

Add mustard seeds and cumin seeds, and when they splutter add grated ginger and curry leaves. For babies who cannot chew properly, you can use powdered cumin seeds (jeera powder).

Add chopped onion and sauté till the onion turns translucent. This should take about a minute.

Add one and a half cup water and bring it to a boil.

Lower the flame, add chili powder and salt, stir the mixture properly, and then add oats. Don't add oats before boiling the water or they'll turn sticky.

Add chopped coriander and mashed vegetables. (If you want to use fresh vegetables, add finely chopped vegetables after the onion is sautéd. Sauté the vegetables for a couple of minutes before adding water. After the vegetables are cooked, mash them with a masher before adding oats. So that your baby doesn't have difficulty in swallowing them.)

Keep stirring the mixture on medium flame for a couple of minutes. Turn off heat when the oats are properly cooked and the mixture has the desired consistency. Add water if you want to make the upma more runny.